This Briefing Note focuses on HIV/AIDS only. There are very few examples to date of the impact of water supply, sanitation and improved hygiene on the lives of those with this disease. However, its impact on health and care of the sick is known and can be applied to HIV/AIDS. Evidence is presented here, with a focus on: HIV/AIDS and Children, HIV/AIDS and Staying Healthy, HIV/AIDS and Home-Based Care, and HIV/AIDS and Income Generation.