Programming Guidance
Source:
- Magrath P, Tesfu M. 2006. Addis Ababa. WaterAid, Ethiopia.
Summary:
- People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are particularly vulnerable to the health impacts of inadequate water and sanitation; in seeking to protect themselves from infection and cope with symptoms, their needs for clean water and sanitation increase. In Addis Ababa, the poor generally have inadequate water and sanitation facilities, and, due to discrimination and sickness, PLWHA often have even more limited access than others. WaterAid Ethiopia researches the needs of PLWHA in water and sanitation, constraints on meeting these needs, and ideas for addressing them through water and sanitation programming by NGOs and government in Ethiopia.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Evidence Base Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal Stigma
Source:
- HIP. 2006. Washington, DC. United States Agency for International Development.
Summary:
- As more people live with HIV and AIDS, comprehensive care, treatment and preventative services are necessary to help them live longer and healthier lives. Recognizing the importance of safe water, sanitation and hygiene promotion in protecting and caring for PLWHA, some organizations are integrating hygiene improvement into their HIV/AIDS
programs. The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, as part of its palliative care approach, has developed a Preventive Care Package that summarizes evidence-based interventions for PLWHA and their families in resource-poor settings. The purpose of this paper is to highlight discrete hygiene improvement activities that can be incorporated into HIV/ AIDS programs in different settings to help mitigate the impact of diarrhea on people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) and their families.
Keywords:
Diarrheal Diseases Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) PEPFAR Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Colton T et al. 2006. Community Home-Based Care for People and Communities Affected by HIV/AIDS. A Handbook for Community Health Workers. Watertown, MA, Pathfinder International
Summary:
- This curriculum draws on the experience of
Pathfinder staff who put into practice a model of community home-based care (CHBC) in Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Nigeria, and Uganda. Pathfinder’s CHBC model, piloted by COPHIA in Kenya, emphasizes community mobilization for prevention as well as participation in care and support for those affected by HIV/AIDS. In recent
years, Pathfinder has integrated prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), family planning, and other reproductive health initiatives into its CHBC programs in Kenya and Tanzania.
Keywords:
Community-Based Care Home-Based Care People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) PMTCT (Preventing Mother to Child Trans.) Programming Guidance Training Resources
Source:
- Kangamba M et al. 2006. Baltimore, MD. Catholic Relief Services
Summary:
- In Zambia, HIV/AIDS is still approached primarily as a health issue, and therefore, interventions focus mainly on prevention and treatment. The provision of affordable, accessible and reliable public services is essential in supporting health maintenance and reducing stress for people infected and affected with HIV/AIDS. Reliable delivery of good-quality water and sound basic sanitation are critical in reducing exposure to pathogens to which HIV-positive people are particularly vulnerable. Where water services are inadequate or inaccessible, time and monetary costs of access to good quality water in sufficient quantities are high, particularly for HIV-infected people and their caregivers. An assessment was commissioned by the WHO with the goal of producing evidence-based guidance on water and sanitation needs in home-based care strategies, particularly in resource-poor situations and to develop practical and strategic recommendations to be made at the programme and policy levels, while identifying the most critical measures to be taken by the health sector and the water and sanitation sector to provide short- and medium-term solutions in the area of water, sanitation and hygiene support to home-based care.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Evidence Base Home-Based Care Policy Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Schuler N. 2005. Washington DC. World Bank
Summary:
- The World Bank has been a prominent player in the global fight against HIV/AIDS, and its Global HIV/AIDS Program has leveraged considerable resources to facilitate and support monitoring and evaluation, social and economic impact analyses, and regional research and initiatives in the field. HIV/AIDS cannot be addressed within the confines of health and HIV/AIDS projects alone: there has been considerable emphasis on mainstreaming HIV/AIDS into lending portfolios where HIV/AIDS poses significant risks. From a national and global perspective, this strategy increases the reach of targeted HIV/AIDS interventions to all sectors and more people than can be reached through health projects alone, and from a project perspective, it serves to mitigate the short and long-term risks HIV/AIDS may have on projects-- not by turning HIV/ AIDS projects into urban projects, but by integrating components that can help shield the client communities urban projects support from the economic and social effects of HIV/AIDS. With HIV/AIDS posing evident short and long-term risks for urban projects, the argument for mainstreaming should resonate as a logical intervention supported both by internal management and the client.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Household Water Treatment & Storage Programming Guidance
Source:
- Hsi N, Musau S, Chanfreau C. 2005. Bethesda, MD. PHRplus
Summary:
- As the global HIV/AIDS community considers options to scale up treatment and other aspects of care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), providing care in the home of affected people is increasingly looked to as an option. Understanding the cost of home-based care (HBC) is essential to guide the efficiency and reach of organizations. These guidelines, therefore, present standard principles and steps of costing that can be applied to HBC interventions, particularly at the community level, to produce accurate and comparable cost estimates for the diverse HBC approaches and to better inform efficiency options. The document includes an overview of HBC costing guidelines that outlines objectives and intended audiences, defines HBC, and describes the information that results from the cost analysis methodology, and its benefit on an organization providing HBC; we also detail steps of the methodology.
Keywords:
Home-Based Care People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Programming Guidance
Source:
- WELL Project. 2004. London, UK
Summary:
- The socio-economic impacts of HIV and AIDS are not often highlighted, even though their effects are not limited to those diagnosed: water and sanitation sectors often pay little attention to the impact of HIV/AIDS on the social and economic feasibility and sustainability of water supply in rural areas; increasing HIV/AIDS cases in rural areas make already inadequate water and sanitation situations for domestic and agricultural use dire; and home-based care for the terminally ill requires not only clean water and safe solid waste disposal for patients, but access to a convenient, reliable, safe, and sufficient water supply, as well as basic sanitation, to ease the burden on caregivers. Strategies to integrate water and sanitation with HIV/AIDS are necessary and must meet the challenge to ensure all development sectors incorporate, in a strategic way, issues such as prevention, care, and mitigation of HIV/AIDS, and policymakers and sector programs give high priority to water supply, sanitation, and hygiene promotion in areas with a high incidence of the disease.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Handwashing (Hand Washing) Home-Based Care Household Water Treatment & Storage Policy Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- IASC. 2004. Geneva, World Health Organization.
Summary:
- The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) is issuing Guidelines for HIV/AIDS interventions
in Emergency Settings to help individuals and organizations in their efforts to address the special
needs of HIV-infected and HIV-affected people living in emergency situation. It is difficult to grasp the scale of devastation that HIV/AIDS has on people whose lives have been uprooted by conflict and disaster. In January 2003, the IASC issued a statement in which it committed itself to “redoubling our individual and joint agency responses to promote a comprehensive, multi-faceted approach to this unprecedented crisis” as it faced the impact of HIV/AIDS on food security and human survival, as evidenced in southern Africa. The IASC undertook to develop a practical handbook that could be put to immediate use for the benefit of those who most need our commitment and support.
Keywords:
People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Programming Guidance
Source:
- Lamptey PR, Gayle HD. 2001. Research Triangle Park, NC, Family Health International
Summary:
- Chapter 25 focuses on providing healthcare for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in resource-constrained countries. Health facilities in these areas often lack the resources to offer high-quality medical care to the general public—much less meet the complex demands of AIDS-related morbidity and mortality. The challenge of improving PLHA’s quality of life requires a more comprehensive or holistic approach—an approach that meets the medical, psychological and social needs of people and families living with HIV. Strategy and policy development can be linked with development of a managed, rational system of care and referral that supports community-based initiatives and implementing agencies should integrate family and community support programs into health, education, agriculture, water and sanitation sectors.
Keywords:
Community-Based Care Healthcare Facilities Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
