Evidence Base

Water, Engineering and Development Centre Site – Water Supply and Sanitation for Disabled People and Other Vulnerable Groups

  • Source:
  • Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC)

  • Summary:
  • The WEDC website provides research to improve knowledge and use of affordable aids, methodologies, and approaches by water and sanitation service planners and providers, and organisations and individuals who assist disabled people and their families in low-income communities maximise their access and use of the domestic water cycle. There are over 600 million disabled people in the world, of whom over 75% live in developing countries. The poorest suffer from inadequate diet, reduced access to health care, and poor hygiene -- each of which contribute to a higher risk of disability. In turn, disability exacerbates poverty, by placing an added strain on already fragile family economies, and disabled people face problems of access to services and opportunities, compounded by discrimination and social exclusion. Despite all these factors, the poor and disabled are largely ignored by governments and development programmes. WEDC aims to help with social integration, restore dignity to the individual disabled person, and reduce the workload of their family members by improving disabled people's access to and use of the domestic water cycle.

  • Keywords:
  • Accessing Water Disabled Patients Evidence Base Formative Research Handwashing (Hand Washing) Nutrition Sanitation/Feces Disposal Stigma Websites

    • Summary of WaterAid’s Work on HIV/AIDS: Equity and Inclusion – Key Lessons

    • Source:
    • WaterAid. 2011.

    • Summary:
    • Despite people living with HIV and AIDS having an increased need of access to WASH, limited progress has been made in terms of research, integrated programming and joint-advocacy regarding the crossover between WASH and HIV/AIDS. There is a clear need to investigate this link further. This briefing note summarises WaterAid’s work in this area, the key lessons learned and recommendations for the future.

  • Keywords:
  • Accessing Water Best Practices and Lessons Learned Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal

    • Access to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for People Living with HIV and AIDS: A Cross-Sectional Study in Nepal

    • Source:
    • WaterAid in Nepal. 2010.

    • Summary:
    • The main objective of the study was to increase the understanding of PLHAs’ access to WASH and its impact on their daily lives in order to inform the health, HIV/AIDS and WASH sectors of the various issues involved. Specifically, the study aimed to: - Assess the prevailing knowledge, opinions and practices of WASH amongst PLHA. - Learn about the experiences of PLHA with regards to their access to WASH and factors associated with it. - Gather views of PLHA on WASH and its link to their social lives and health. - Highlight the need for cross-sector debate and efforts to address the WASH issues for PLHA within the health, HIV/AIDS and WASH sectors.

  • Keywords:
  • Accessing Water Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal Stigma

    • Case-Control Study to Determine Risk Factors for Diarrhea Among Children During a Large Outbreak in a Country with a High Prevalence of HIV Infection

    • Source:
    • Arvelo A et al. 2010. Int J Infect Dis November 2010. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

    • Summary:
    • Between January and March 2006, over 35,000 diarrhea cases and 532 deaths were reported among children under the age of five in Botswana. During this diarrhea outbreak, in a country with a national program to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, ill children were less likely to be breastfed and more likely to have been exposed to environmental factors associated with fecal contamination. These findings underscore the importance of adequate access to safe water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition education among populations using breast milk substitutes.

  • Keywords:
  • Breast Feeding/Infant Feeding Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage Journal Articles PMTCT (Preventing Mother to Child Trans.) Sanitation/Feces Disposal

    • Women’s Morbidity and Mortality in the First 2 Years After Delivery According to HIV Status

    • Source:
    • Coutsoudis A et al. 2010. AIDS November 2010. A. Coutsoudis, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

    • Summary:
    • HIV-infected women experienced more morbidity and mortality than HIV-uninfected women; this was predicted by maternal immune status and socio-economic factors. HIV-infected women even in the high CD4 strata had higher mortality than HIV-uninfected women from the same population. This study underlines the importance of interventions to improve maternal health, for example, timely antiretroviral treatment, tuberculosis screening, and improved water and sanitation.

  • Keywords:
  • Evidence Base Household Water Treatment & Storage Journal Articles Maternal and Child Health Sanitation/Feces Disposal

    • Apparent Impact of Enteric Pathogens in Drinking Water and Implications for the Relentless Saga of HIV/ AIDS in South Africa

    • Source:
    • Momba MNB, Madoroba E, Obi CL. 2010. Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa.

    • Summary:
    • Worldwide there is a strong association between diarrhoeal diseases and contaminated water. South Africa is no exception. The majority of households in developing countries, the epicentre of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, obtain their water from polluted and contaminated sources. Diarrhoeic pathogens have been more frequently isolated from stool samples of HIV/AIDS patients, and from their respective household drinking water, than from HIV-negative control groups. For these reasons, there are links between the quality of water, diarrhoea and HIV/AIDS, despite the fact that these aspects, at first glance, do not seem connected.

  • Keywords:
  • Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV)

    • Webinar on “Meeting the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Needs of People Living with HIV/AIDS and their Families,” April 8, 2010

    • Source:
    • Bery, R & Seumo, E. 2010. USAID & HIP.

    • Summary:
    • Recording of HIP's webinar on "Meeting the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Needs of People Living with HIV/AIDS and their Families," held April 8, 2010. Presented by Renuka Bery, senior project manager and Eleonore Suemo, senior program officer. Julia Rosenbaum, deputy director of HIP and Elizabeth Younger, senior behavior change advisor, joined during the question and answer session.

  • Keywords:
  • Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal

    • Home-Based Care for Reducing Morbidity and Mortality in People Infected with HIV/AIDS

    • Source:
    • Young T, Busgeeth K. 2010. The Cochrane Library, 2010, Issue 1. South African Cochrane Centre, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa

    • Summary:
    • Intensive home-based nursing significantly improved self-reported knowledge of HIV and medications, self-reported adherence and differences in the refill of pharmacy drugs. Home-based safe water systems reduced diarrhea frequency and severity among persons with HIV in Africa.

  • Keywords:
  • Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Home-Based Care Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV)

    • Improving the Lives of People Living with HIV through WASH: Water Sanitation and Hygiene (v. 2010)

    • Source:
    • AIDSTAR-One. 2010

    • Summary:
    • This training guide provides an easy to follow training template suitable for a 3 to 4 day training targeting health workers and supervisors at health clinics. The Participant Technical Resource Guide provides practical and evidence-based information for WASH implementation in all types of health facilities in resource-limited countries, focusing on increasing the health of people living with HIV.

  • Keywords:
  • Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Healthcare Facilities Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal Training Resources

    • Making the Links: Mapping the Relationship between Water, Hygiene and Sanitation, and HIV/AIDS: A Joint Think-Piece by WaterAid Ethiopia and Progynist

    • Source:
    • WaterAid. 2009. London, UK.

    • Summary:
    • Ethiopia, one of the poorest countries in the world, already facing numerous obstacles to overcoming this poverty, has in the last twenty years seen HIV/AIDS emerge as a huge threat to people’s lives, and a significant barrier to development. While everyone is vulnerable to HIV/AIDS, the people worst affected are those living in poor, overcrowded areas that lack adequate sanitary facilities, water supply, and medical care – and where family nutrition levels are low. This paper aims to focus on the links between hygiene, sanitation, and HIV/AIDS. Having a potable water supply and latrine close to one’s home is a basic human right that enables people to live healthier lives, free from the risks of water and sanitation-related illnesses; for a person living with HIV/AIDS access to water and sanitation facilities is especially critical, as the risks posed by poor facilities can be fatal for someone who has contracted the virus.

  • Keywords:
  • Accessing Water Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Nutrition People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal

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